Galvanized Plumbing vs. Copper: Which Should You Choose?

Galvanized plumbing vs. copper - the decision between these two pipe types is critical and can significantly impact the efficiency and longevity of your plumbing and water heating system. Both are widely used, each with unique characteristics, advantages, and disadvantages.

In this discussion, we will explore the differences between these two pipe types, compare the pros and cons of each, and help you understand the factors to consider when choosing between these plumbing options. You will gain the knowledge necessary to make the best decision for your specific plumbing and water heating needs.

Galvanized plumbing vs. Copper: Things to consider

Importance of choosing the right plumbing materials

Before you compare galvanized plumbing vs. copper, note that choosing the right plumbing materials is crucial for ensuring the safety, efficiency, and longevity of a plumbing and hot water system. They can affect the quality of water, system performance, longevity, and safety. Poor quality can lead to leaks, clogs, and other issues that damage the system and your home, and cause inconvenience for homeowners.

Additionally, some materials, such as lead, may pose safety risks or have negative environmental impacts. Therefore, it is essential to select the right plumbing type to promote good water quality, minimize environmental impact, and ensure the system functions optimally for years to come.

Galvanized plumbing; Benefits and where to use

Galvanized plumbing is a type of plumbing system that uses galvanized steel pipes to transport water. These pipes are coated with a layer of zinc to prevent corrosion, which is a major advantage of this type of plumbing. The zinc coating also gives the pipes a characteristic silver-grey color.

Galvanized plumbing is commonly used for residential water supply lines, sewage, as well as for some commercial and industrial applications. It may also be used for gas supply lines, although this is less common.

Galvanized pipes are often used in areas where the water supply is hard or has high levels of minerals, as they are less likely to corrode than other materials. However, they are not recommended for use with hot water, as the zinc coating can react with the heat and release harmful chemicals into the water.

If you live in an old house, you might be asking yourself whether to replace your old galvanized pipes, or not. Use the article to find more information and get your answer.

Copper plumbing: Benefits and where to use

Copper piping is a popular material used for plumbing systems due to its many advantages. One of the most significant benefits of copper pipes is their durability and long lifespan, which can last up to 50 years or more. Copper is also highly resistant to corrosion, making it an excellent choice for both hot and cold water supply lines.

Another advantage of copper plumbing is its safety. Copper pipes are non-toxic and do not release harmful chemicals into the water supply. They are also resistant to bacterial growth, making them a safe choice for drinking water applications.

Copper pipes are also easy to install since they can be bent and shaped to fit a variety of plumbing configurations. They have a relatively low coefficient of friction, meaning they provide good water flow and minimize pressure loss.

Additionally, copper pipes have excellent thermal conductivity, making them an energy-efficient option for plumbing systems. They can efficiently conduct heat and transfer hot water from the water heater to the tap, resulting in reduced energy consumption and lower heating bills.

Copper piping is suitable for a wide range of plumbing applications, including residential and commercial water supply lines, heating systems, and underground piping. It is particularly well-suited for potable water applications due to its non-toxic properties and resistance to bacterial growth. Copper pipes are also a good choice for areas with hard water, as they are resistant to mineral buildup and scaling. In summary, copper plumbing is a reliable and durable option that provides excellent performance and safety.

Galvanized piping advantages

• Durability: Galvanized pipes are strong and durable, making them a good solution for both residential and commercial applications. They can withstand high pressure and are not easily damaged by impact or rough handling. They perform well under freezing temperatures.
• Corrosion-resistant: The zinc coating on these steel pipes makes them resistant to rust and corrosion, which means they can last for many years without needing to be replaced.
• Affordable: Galvanized pipes are relatively inexpensive compared to other plumbing materials, making them a popular choice for many homeowners.
• Easy to install: Galvanized pipes are easy to cut and join, which makes installation relatively easy and quick.
• Long life: The typical lifespan of galvanized water pipes is from 25 to 40 years.

Galvanized piping disadvantages

• Restricted flow: Galvanized pipes are prone to degradation, chipping, and deposit buildup over time, which can impede the flow of water through the pipes.
• Shorter lifespan of the coating: While galvanized pipes are durable, they have a limited lifespan and will eventually need to be replaced. This is especially true if the pipes are exposed to harsh conditions or corrosive substances.
• Prone to leaks: Galvanized pipes can be prone to leaks, especially at the joints where the pipes are connected. This is because the zinc coating can wear away over time, leaving the steel pipe exposed and vulnerable to corrosion.
• Health concerns: In some cases, galvanized pipes can leach lead into the water supply, which can be harmful to human health. This is more likely to occur in older pipes that have been in use for many years.

The video below illustrates the effects of long-term use on galvanized pipes.

Copper piping advantages

• Durability: Copper piping is highly durable and can last for several decades with proper installation and maintenance. It is resistant to corrosion and can withstand high pressures and temperatures.
• Safety: Copper is a naturally antimicrobial material, which means it can help prevent the growth of bacteria and other harmful organisms in the piping system. It does not contain lead and doesn't contaminate water. It is also fire-resistant and does not emit toxic fumes when exposed to high temperatures.
• Easy to install: Copper pipes are relatively easy to install, especially in comparison to other types of pipes. They can be soldered or brazed, and their flexibility allows for easy bending and shaping around obstacles.
• Energy-efficient: Copper piping has excellent thermal conductivity, which means it can quickly transfer heat. This property makes it ideal for use in heating and cooling systems, where it can help reduce energy consumption and costs.
• Cost-effective: Although copper piping may be more expensive than other types of pipes, its long lifespan and low maintenance costs make it a cost-effective choice in the long run. Additionally, its ease of installation can help reduce labor costs.

Copper piping disadvantages

• Cost: Copper piping can be more expensive than other types of piping, such as PVC or PEX. This can make it a less attractive option for budget-conscious projects.
• Prone to corrosion: Although copper is generally resistant to corrosion, it can still be susceptible to certain types of corrosion, particularly if the water supply is acidic or contains high levels of dissolved oxygen.
• Can be affected by high temperatures: Copper piping can be vulnerable to thermal expansion and contraction, particularly when exposed to high temperatures. This can cause the pipes to warp or even burst.
• Can be damaged by freezing: Copper pipes can also be damaged by freezing temperatures, which can cause the pipes to crack or burst.
• Can be affected by water flow: Copper piping can be affected by water flow rate and pressure, particularly if the water contains sediment or other particles that can cause erosion and wear.

What options do I have when connecting galvanized to copper piping?

When working on a plumbing project, it is important to consider the different types of pipes that are available and determine the best option based on your specific needs. If you are considering using both copper and galvanized pipes in the same plumbing system, there are a few things you should know.

One option is to use copper and galvanized pipes separately, connecting them with a union or coupling. This allows the pipes to be easily connected and disconnected for maintenance or repairs. However, it is important to note that when copper and galvanized pipes are connected, it can create a potential for galvanic corrosion. This occurs when the two different metals come into contact with each other, causing a reaction that can lead to corrosion and damage to the pipes over time. To prevent galvanic corrosion, a dielectric union or other type of insulating fitting should be used to separate the two metals.

A dielectric fitting is designed to join copper and galvanized pipes without the risk of galvanic corrosion. These fittings typically consist of a copper or brass body with a plastic or rubber lining that provides insulation between the two metals.

It is also possible to replace galvanized pipes with copper pipes, particularly in areas where water quality is a concern or where the galvanized pipes are old and corroded. However, this can be a time-consuming and expensive process, particularly if the pipes are located in hard-to-reach areas.

Galvanized plumbing or copper? Which one to install?

The decision between galvanized plumbing vs. copper plumbing depends on several factors, including budget, location, and personal preference.

Galvanized plumbing uses steel pipes that are coated with a layer of zinc to protect against corrosion. It is relatively inexpensive compared to copper.

However, galvanized pipes can be prone to corrosion over time, which can lead to leaks and other issues. While it may be suitable for specific applications and is an affordable option for water supply lines in areas with hard water, galvanized piping is not recommended for use with hot water. It can also cause water to have a metallic taste. Nevertheless, galvanized pipes are often used for outdoor plumbing due to their larger inside diameter, which allows them to deliver more water than copper pipes.

Copper plumbing, on the other hand, is durable, long-lasting, and resistant to corrosion. It also doesn't have any negative effects on water taste. Copper is a good choice if you're looking for a reliable, long-term plumbing solution. It is easy to work with and has a long lifespan. However, it can be more expensive than galvanized plumbing.

In general, if you have the budget, copper plumbing is usually the better choice because it is more durable and reliable. If budget is a concern, galvanized plumbing may be a viable option as long as you're prepared for the potential for corrosion down the line. It's also worth considering the location of your plumbing, as galvanized pipes may be a better choice in certain areas where copper is more prone to theft or damage. Ultimately, the decision comes down to your budget, preferences, and specific needs.

FAQ

Why are galvanized pipes no longer used for plumbing?

Galvanized pipes are no longer commonly used for plumbing due to their tendency to corrode and their potential to contaminate water with lead. Modern plumbing materials like copper, PVC, and PEX are considered more reliable and safer.

How can I tell if I have galvanized pipe?

To identify galvanized pipes in your home, look for dull gray or silver pipes with a rough texture or use a magnet to check if they are made of steel. Scratching the surface of the pipe with a coin or key may also indicate if it is galvanized (the scratched area will be gray instead of shiny).

If your home was built before the 1960s, there is a high likelihood that it has galvanized pipes.

Should I buy a home with galvanized pipes?

If you are considering buying a home with galvanized pipes, it's important to take certain factors into account. Firstly, the age of the pipes is crucial as they have a lifespan that can be affected by various factors. Secondly, the quality of the water supply can impact the lifespan of galvanized pipes. The potential cost of replacing the pipes should also be considered, as well as any insurance implications. Finally, outdated plumbing systems may affect the future resale value of the home. It is highly recommended to get a professional inspection of the pipes and water quality before making a decision.